Economic Survey MCQ 2025 for Banking, SSC and Railway Exams: Attempt Free Quiz Here

Correct Answer:  (c) 6%

Explanation:  According to the Economic Survey 2024-25, India’s total exports, encompassing both merchandise and services, registered a steady growth of 6% year-on-year during the first nine months of FY25. This growth was primarily driven by a robust 11.6% increase in services exports, which significantly contributed to the overall export performance. In contrast, merchandise exports faced challenges due to global economic uncertainties and remained relatively flat during this period. The resilience in services exports underscores India’s growing competitiveness in the global services market, particularly in sectors like telecommunications, computer, and information services. However, the stagnation in merchandise exports highlights the need for strategic interventions to bolster goods exports amidst prevailing global headwinds.​

Correct Answer:  (d) 17.9%

Explanation:  In the first eight months of FY25 (April to November 2024), India’s gross Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows increased by 17.9% year-on-year, rising from $47.2 billion in the same period of FY24 to $55.6 billion. This growth reflects renewed investor confidence in India’s economic prospects and underscores the country’s appeal as a global investment destination. However, it’s important to note that while gross FDI inflows saw a significant uptick, net FDI inflows declined during this period due to increased repatriation and disinvestment activities. This divergence suggests that, despite the robust gross inflows, a portion of the investments was offset by capital outflows, highlighting the need for policies aimed at retaining foreign investments to sustain long-term economic growth.​

Correct Answer:  (c) 19.4%

Explanation:  As of the end of September 2024, India’s external debt to GDP ratio stood at 19.4%, marking an increase from 18.8% at the end of June 2024. This uptick reflects a rise in external debt levels during this period. Despite the increase, India’s external debt remains within manageable limits, supported by substantial foreign exchange reserves. As of December 2024, these reserves were sufficient to cover approximately 90% of the country’s external debt, providing a robust buffer against external vulnerabilities. Maintaining a prudent external debt position is crucial for India’s economic stability, ensuring resilience against global financial fluctuations and sustaining investor confidence.

Correct Answer:  (c) 77%

Explanation:  For the 2024-25 marketing season, the Government of India set the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for bajra at ₹2,625 per quintal. This MSP provides farmers with a 77% margin over the all-India weighted average cost of production, which is ₹1,485 per quintal. This margin is the highest among all kharif crops for that season, reflecting the government’s commitment to ensuring remunerative prices for farmers and promoting the cultivation of nutritious cereals like bajra.

Correct Answer:  (c) 0.237

Explanation:  In the 2023-24 period (August 2023 to July 2024), India’s rural Gini coefficient declined to 0.237, down from 0.266 in the previous year. This indicates a reduction in consumption inequality in rural areas, suggesting a more equitable distribution of consumption among the rural population. The Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality, with values ranging from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). The observed decline reflects improvements in rural income distribution, potentially due to enhanced rural infrastructure, increased employment opportunities, and effective implementation of social welfare programs.

Correct Answer:  (c) 2.29 billion tonnes CO2

Explanation:  According to the India State of Forest Report 2023, released in December 2024, India has achieved an additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent between 2005 and 2024. This progress brings the nation closer to its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target of creating an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3.0 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent through enhanced forest and tree cover by 2030. The increase in carbon sequestration is attributed to various afforestation and reforestation initiatives, including the Green India Mission and the National Afforestation Programme. Continued efforts in forest conservation and expansion are vital for India to meet its climate goals and contribute to global carbon reduction commitments.​

Correct Answer:  (c) 46.8%

Explanation:  As of November 30, 2024, India’s installed electricity generation capacity from non-fossil fuel sources reached 213,701 megawatts (MW), accounting for 46.8% of the total installed capacity. This marks a significant step toward India’s goal of achieving 50% non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030. The growth is attributed to substantial increases in renewable energy installations, particularly in solar and wind sectors. The government’s supportive policies and initiatives have played a crucial role in promoting the adoption of clean energy technologies, contributing to a more sustainable and diversified energy portfolio. Continued efforts in this direction are essential for India to meet its climate commitments and ensure energy security.

Correct Answer:  (c) 48.0%

Explanation:  Between FY2014-15 and FY2021-22, the share of Government Health Expenditure (GHE) in India’s Total Health Expenditure (THE) increased from 29.0% to 48.0%. This significant rise reflects the government’s enhanced commitment to public healthcare funding during this period. Concurrently, Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) by individuals declined from 62.6% to 39.4% of THE, indicating reduced financial burden on citizens for healthcare services. These trends underscore the impact of increased public investment in health infrastructure and services, aiming to provide more accessible and affordable healthcare to the population.​

Correct Answer:  (c) 26%

Explanation:  According to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), approximately 26% of India’s population falls within the 10-24 years age group. This demographic segment represents a significant portion of the nation’s populace, highlighting India’s youthful demographic profile. Effectively harnessing the potential of this age group through quality education, skill development, and employment opportunities is crucial for driving economic growth and reaping the benefits of the demographic dividend

Correct Answer:  (c) 8.7%

Explanation:  According to the Economic Survey 2024-25, India’s fisheries sector exhibited a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8.7%, marking it as the highest among the allied agriculture sectors. This robust growth is attributed to various government initiatives aimed at enhancing productivity and sustainability within the sector. Notable programs include the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), which focuses on boosting aquaculture productivity and improving fisheries management, and the Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF), providing financial support for developing infrastructure in both marine and inland fisheries. These concerted efforts have significantly contributed to the sector’s expansion, reinforcing its role as a vital component of India’s agricultural economy.​